Strategies for Optimizing Grass Growth in Dairy Beef Systems

Dairy beef farmers have shifted their focus to enhancing grass growth as summer approaches, recognizing grass as the primary fodder source. Average growth rates are currently between the low to mid-60s of kilogrammes of dry matter per hectare per day (DM/ha/day), with the west coast of Ireland experiencing the highest rates, according to PastureBase Ireland (PBI).

Mayo and Leitrim recorded growth rates of 72kg DM/ha and 88kg DM/ha respectively. Dry-stock farms reported an average farm cover (AFC) of 760kg DM/ha, surpassing the Teagasc target for dairy beef farms of 650kg. The demand on these farms was 44kg DM/ha as of June 16, suggesting an increase in AFC by 20kg daily if growth outpaces demand.

To handle excess growth and maintain AFC, farmers are advised to cut surplus grass for silage. High growth during June, the peak month for perennial rye grass, can lead to a quicker build-up of stemmy material, affecting grass quality. Maintaining an opening cover of 1,400kg DM/ha and operating on an 18-21 day rotation are recommended to ensure optimal grazing conditions.

Grass quality is best when the plant is at the three-leaf stage, the point at which it is most palatable and digestible. Farmers should monitor grass height post-grazing, keeping it between 4-4.5cm to aid swift recovery and rotation.

Fertilization is crucial for maintaining growth. Farmers should utilize soil index data to target nutrient applications effectively. For fields where grass has been cut as silage, replenishing nutrients is necessary, with each ton of DM/ha removed requiring 4kg of phosphorous and 25kg of potassium.

Teagasc advises regular farm walks and accurate data collection to make informed decisions, emphasizing that informed strategies are key to managing grass growth effectively.