Kazakhstan's Agribusiness: Private Sector Accounts for 63.7% of Investments, State Contribution Less Than 1%
According to the Bureau of National Statistics, by 2025 the total investment in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries reached 1.2 trillion tenge. In particular:
- 63.7% (741.2 billion tenge) was provided by the enterprises' own funds;
- there was a significant increase in bank loans (+58.6%) and other borrowed sources (+41.6%).
Thus, businesses bear the main burden of financing modernization and production expansion.
The State Increases Participation but Remains a Secondary Player
Despite noticeable growth in budgetary investments, their share in the investment structure remains minimal:
- only 0.7% (8.2 billion tenge) of the total volume;
- meanwhile, funding increased 7.7 times over the year.
The growth is supported by both the republican and local budgets, but even considering the increase, the state still plays more of a supportive than a determining role.
Regional Concentration of Investments
Investment activity is concentrated in a limited number of regions:
- four regions — Akmola, Pavlodar, North Kazakhstan, and Turkestan — account for 58.9% of all investments;
- Pavlodar region became the leader (224.8 billion tenge).
At the same time, several regions remain on the periphery of the investment process, exacerbating the imbalance in the development of the agro-sector.
Investment Growth Supported by New Projects
The increase in investments is related to the launch and construction of new facilities:
- 20 livestock complexes;
- about 500 facilities for livestock;
- 5 poultry farms;
- 2 elevators;
- 4 aquaculture enterprises.
This indicates a transition from stagnation to a phase of recovery in the investment cycle.
Investment Structure: Focus on Crop and Livestock Production
Main investment directions:
- crop production — 560.6 billion tenge (+15.5%);
- livestock production — 359.3 billion tenge;
- mixed farming is showing accelerated growth.
At the same time, certain segments, such as the cultivation of perennial crops, show a decline in investor interest.
Increase in Enterprises Without Business Scaling
The number of enterprises in the sector increased from 14.5 thousand to 19 thousand since 2020, however:
- 97–98% are small farms;
- the share of medium-sized enterprises is practically not increasing.
