UK Dairy Farms Show Increased Milk Yields Amid Youngstock Concerns

New data from PAN Livestock Services and NMR highlights significant improvements in milk yields and fertility across UK dairy farms. The report, based on 500 milk-recorded Holstein herds, reveals a median 305-day milk yield of 9,136kg, marking a recovery from a dip between 2022 and 2024. Currently, the average milk per cow per year stands at 8,962kg.

Additionally, milk quality has shown progress with median somatic cell counts at 160,000 cells/ml, and the top 25% of herds achieving 128,000 cells/ml or lower. Fertility indicators have also improved with heat detection rates increasing from 35% to 43% and conception rates from 34% to 40%.

However, the report raises concerns about the performance of first lactation cows. In the median herd, 33% of these cows produced less than 75% of the yield of mature cows, up from 27% in 2020. This suggests a growing disparity between younger and older animals.

The report also notes a decrease in herd longevity, with cows leaving herds earlier due to culling or sale, although progress in reducing high somatic cell counts is evident. The proportion of cows completing lactations without high SCC readings has increased from 41% in 2016 to 53% in 2025.

NMR director Ben Bartlett emphasizes the importance of balanced herd management, stating, "It is important that herds use the data and avoid chasing one goal at the expense of other vital performance parameters." The report offers benchmark targets for farmers to compare and improve their herd performance.