Challenges and Resilience in Colombia's Small-Scale Dairy Farming

In Colombia, small-scale dairy farmers are grappling with numerous challenges, including rising production costs, adverse climatic conditions, and diminishing profitability. Álvaro Rodríguez, a small producer in Cundinamarca, starts his day at four in the morning, reflecting the dedication shared by thousands of Colombian families who sustain the country's dairy industry.

Rodríguez manages a herd of 11 Normande cattle, a breed valued for its hardiness, climate adaptability, and high-quality milk production. He faces daily challenges with increased expenses on feed, fertilizers, veterinary medicines, transportation, and farm maintenance. These financial pressures are exacerbated by intense rains or prolonged droughts, which deplete forage availability and necessitate additional investments in supplements.

Despite these difficulties, Rodríguez appreciates the qualities of the Normande breed, stating, "The Normande is a very noble breed. It withstands field conditions and produces highly valued milk." However, he acknowledges that good genetics alone are insufficient. Proper pasture management, animal health, and adequate feeding require continuous investments, which are often challenging to meet.

According to the Colombian Cattle Federation (Fedegán), approximately 70% of the country's dairy farmers are smallholders. Many of them face similar challenges but remain committed to their work due to familial ties, tradition, and a dedication to food production. Rodríguez summarizes, "One continues because they love the countryside, were born here, and know that producing food is important for the country."

His story is emblematic of the resilience shown by many small-scale dairy farmers who, with limited resources and significant effort, maintain a strategic activity for Colombia's rural economy.