The Impact of Heat on Dairy Farm Water Systems

The severe heat experienced in recent days has notably increased water consumption for herds, doubling their usual intake as temperatures soar. Cows could consume over 100 liters of water daily, especially when conditions surpass 25℃ and the grass holds more dry matter.

This heightened water demand strains farm water systems, exposing trough size and flow rate deficiencies. Ensuring water accessibility is crucial before cows enter paddocks, emphasizing the need to check trough taps are operational, particularly during heatwaves.

Strategic placement of water troughs can mitigate herd queuing, ideally positioning them centrally within paddocks for optimal accessibility. As milk consists of nearly 90% water, and with cows drinking 4-4.5L/kg of milk produced, a 150-cow herd may require up to 10,000 liters (65L/cow) daily. Therefore, flow rates should align at 0.2L per cow/minute with a trough volume of 5-7L per cow, recommending a 30L/minute flow for a 150-cow setting with approximately 900L trough capacity.

Adequate piping, such as a 38-42mm internal diameter for the main waterline, supports efficient flow. Full-flow ballcocks with larger jets (9-12mm) are suggested over restrictive standard ballcocks. Regular maintenance to prevent leaks and ensure proper trough positioning is advised to support peak water demands.

Ultimately, ensuring no queuing, consistent trough refills, and convenient trough placement can profoundly impact herd hydration and milk productivity.