Dairy Farming in the UAE: A Success Story in the Desert
Meeting the Demand of a Diverse Population
Dubai's rapidly expanding population, particularly its high number of expats, is driving an increased demand for dairy products like fresh milk, cheese, and yogurt. These expats traditionally consume more dairy than the local population, which has led to the expansion of dairy farms in the region. Although the UAE's harsh climate and limited natural resources pose significant challenges, the country has developed a thriving dairy industry with farms typically housing between 1,000 to 8,000 cows.
Irish Influence and Modern Practices
The UAE may seem worlds apart from Ireland, but the influence of Irish expertise on local dairy farms is notable. A strong Irish community, along with other European and American professionals, has contributed to the success of the region's dairy farms. These farms blend modern technology with traditional practices, ensuring smooth operations despite the desert's unique challenges.
Tackling Heat Stress
One of the biggest challenges in desert dairy farming is managing heat stress. With temperatures often exceeding 40°C, maintaining cow comfort requires significant infrastructure, including misting systems and fans. Farms use Korral coolers, which spray a cool mist on the cows, effectively reducing heat stress. Additionally, cows are bedded on sand, a readily available resource, and farms meticulously manage the sand to keep the cows clean and comfortable.
High-Input, High-Output Feeding Systems
Feeding dairy cows in the UAE is a high-input, high-output process. Forages are imported from as far away as Australia and the Americas, supplemented with cereals and grains. During periods of heat stress, the diet can consist of up to 60% concentrate to maintain energy levels. The diet typically includes crushed corn, wheat, soya, and beet pulp, with alfalfa and oat hay as the main forages. Water, a precious resource in the desert, is sourced from state infrastructure and desalinated seawater.
Bringing Dairy to Market
Despite the harsh conditions, dairy production in the UAE is impressive. Local dairies maintain a steady milk supply year-round, with some farms producing up to 100,000 liters of milk daily. The average herd produces nearly 13,000 liters per cow, with cows averaging 42 liters per day. Many farms also have their own processing plants, allowing them to market their dairy products directly under their own brands.
A Booming Industry
The UAE's dairy farming success is a testament to what can be achieved in even the most challenging environments. With a booming industry and plans for further expansion, the UAE is well-positioned to meet the growing demand for dairy products in the region.