Bird Flu in Cattle Raises Concerns: Scientists Monitor Virus Evolution for Human Threat
Source: The DairyNews
As bird flu continues to affect dairy cattle in the United States, scientists are closely monitoring the outbreak and its potential implications for human health.
With recent detections in both North Carolina and South Dakota, the total number of affected states now stands at eight, prompting concerns about the virus's spread among mammals. While the initial focus was on poultry, the unexpected transmission to cattle and a dairy worker has sparked investigations into the virus's behavior and evolution.
Notably, the virus in cattle does not manifest as a respiratory illness, unlike in other mammalian species. Instead, evidence suggests a form of "mechanical transmission," possibly occurring during milking, leading to high concentrations of the virus in milk.
While current genetic sequencing indicates no significant changes that would increase human infectivity, scientists remain vigilant for specific mutations. These include alterations in the PB2 gene, crucial for virus replication in mammals, and adaptations in the protein that binds to human cells, facilitating efficient transmission.
Despite experiments showing limited airborne transmission in mammals like ferrets, evidence for widespread human transmission remains scarce. However, scientists stress the need for continued surveillance and caution, particularly as the virus interacts with different mammalian species and environmental factors.
While uncertainties persist, ongoing research and vigilance are essential to understanding and mitigating the risks associated with bird flu in cattle, safeguarding both animal and human health.
Notably, the virus in cattle does not manifest as a respiratory illness, unlike in other mammalian species. Instead, evidence suggests a form of "mechanical transmission," possibly occurring during milking, leading to high concentrations of the virus in milk.
While current genetic sequencing indicates no significant changes that would increase human infectivity, scientists remain vigilant for specific mutations. These include alterations in the PB2 gene, crucial for virus replication in mammals, and adaptations in the protein that binds to human cells, facilitating efficient transmission.
Despite experiments showing limited airborne transmission in mammals like ferrets, evidence for widespread human transmission remains scarce. However, scientists stress the need for continued surveillance and caution, particularly as the virus interacts with different mammalian species and environmental factors.
While uncertainties persist, ongoing research and vigilance are essential to understanding and mitigating the risks associated with bird flu in cattle, safeguarding both animal and human health.
